{"id":9855,"date":"2021-03-19T15:27:39","date_gmt":"2021-03-19T14:27:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/?p=9855"},"modified":"2021-03-19T15:55:30","modified_gmt":"2021-03-19T14:55:30","slug":"nepodcenujme-zaver-hodiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/2021\/03\/nepodcenujme-zaver-hodiny\/","title":{"rendered":"Nepodce\u0148ujme z\u00e1v\u011br hodiny!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Co n\u00e1m reflexe na konci hodiny umo\u017e\u0148uje? Umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1m zjistit, jak\u00e9 poznatky si \u017e\u00e1ci z hodiny odn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed (co se nau\u010dili). \u017d\u00e1k\u016fm pom\u00e1h\u00e1 si uv\u011bdomit, jak nov\u00e9 poznatky zapadaj\u00ed do toho, co ji\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed prostor pro zformulov\u00e1n\u00ed pocit\u016f z hodiny (jak se jim pracovalo). D\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zhodnotit svou vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u010diteli prozkoumat, co dal\u0161\u00edho by t\u0159\u00eddu v r\u00e1mci t\u00e9matu zaj\u00edmalo. Odkr\u00fdv\u00e1, jak \u017e\u00e1ci hodnot\u00ed na\u0161i v\u00fduku.<\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci webin\u00e1\u0159e Reflexe na konec hodiny, kter\u00fd jsme z\u00e1jemc\u016fm nab\u00eddli ve st\u0159edu 17. b\u0159ezna, mohly p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dastnice v r\u00e1mci skupin diskutovat o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch reflexe, co se d\u00edky n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci nau\u010d\u00ed a jak\u00fd na n\u011b m\u00e1 vliv. Shodly jsme se na tom, \u017ee reflexe maj\u00ed na \u017e\u00e1ky pozitivn\u00ed vliv, \u017ee jsou d\u00edky nim v\u00edce motivov\u00e1ni k pr\u00e1ci ve \u0161kole (neu\u010d\u00ed se jen pro zn\u00e1mky), \u017ee jsou schopni l\u00e9pe formulovat, \u010deho ji\u017e dos\u00e1hli a co je pro n\u011b naopak v\u00fdzvou. \u017d\u00e1ci se snadn\u011bji ptaj\u00ed na zp\u011btnou vazbu \u010di radu a l\u00e9pe ji p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed, l\u00e9pe komunikuj\u00ed o sv\u00e9m procesu u\u010den\u00ed, rozv\u00edjej\u00ed sv\u00e9 metakognitivn\u00ed dovednosti (jsou si v\u011bdomi strategi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jim pom\u00e1haj\u00ed se u\u010dit).<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou druhy reflex\u00ed?1) \u00dastn\u00ed, 2) p\u00edsemn\u00e9, 3) vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed, 4) kriteri\u00e1ln\u00ed, 5) zp\u011btnovazebn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

K \u00fastn\u00edm typ\u016fm reflexe pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159. pr\u00e1ce se sklen\u011bnkami<\/strong>, kdy ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k dostane jednu sklen\u011bnku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje jeden poznatek nebo my\u0161lenku, kterou si \u017e\u00e1k z hodiny odn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1k sd\u00edl\u00ed sv\u016fj poznatek se t\u0159\u00eddou a pot\u00e9 hod\u00ed sklen\u011bnku zp\u011bt do krabi\u010dky.<\/p>\n

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Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm start\u00e9r\u016f<\/strong> mohu nab\u00eddnou n\u011bkolik za\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f v\u011bt (mimochodem skv\u011ble vyu\u017eiteln\u00e1 je tato technika v hodin\u00e1ch ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f): U\u017e jsem sly\u0161el\u2026\u00a0 Kdy\u017e porovn\u00e1m\u2026\u00a0 L\u00edbilo se mi\u2026\u00a0 P\u0159ekvapilo m\u011b…\u00a0 Kdy\u017e porovn\u00e1m…\u00a0 P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b bych r\u00e1d\/a\u2026\u00a0 Nel\u00edbilo se mi…\u00a0 Souhlas\u00edm\u2026\u00a0 Nesouhlas\u00edm\u2026\u00a0\u00a0 Nev\u011bd\u011bl\/a jsem, \u017ee\u2026<\/p>\n

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Kdo vyu\u017eil v r\u00e1mci aktivizac\u00ed v \u00favodu hodiny mo\u017enost nakreslit si prekoncept<\/strong>, m\u016f\u017ee se k n\u011bmu v r\u00e1mci reflexe vr\u00e1tit, zhodnotit jej.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem dal\u0161\u00ed metody byla uk\u00e1zka reflexe s tabulkou ANO\/NE<\/strong>. Nutn\u00e9 je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b kl\u00e1st dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, nap\u0159.: Co jsi ji\u017e v\u011bd\u011bl\/a? Co se ti potvrdilo? Co sis myslel\/a na za\u010d\u00e1tku hodiny?…<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Je to pravda?<\/strong><\/td>\nP\u0159ed \u010dten\u00edm<\/strong><\/td>\nPo \u010dten\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nNajdi d\u016fkaz v textu<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rybn\u00edky vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk, ne p\u0159\u00edroda.<\/td>\nAno\/ne<\/td>\nAno\/ne<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u0159ehrady jsou budov\u00e1ny na \u0159ek\u00e1ch.<\/td>\nAno\/ne<\/td>\nAno\/ne<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2026<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K p\u00edsemn\u00fdm reflex\u00edm \u0159ad\u00edme metodu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed tweety<\/strong>. \u017d\u00e1ci maj\u00ed za \u00fakol napsat tweet (max. 280 znak\u016f), kter\u00fd shrne danou hodinu (obsahov\u011b, nikoliv popsat aktivity). Mezery se nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed. V\u00fdsledek \u017e\u00e1kovsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce je mo\u017en\u00e9 vhodit do krabi\u010dky u dve\u0159\u00ed, tuto metodu lze snadno vyu\u017e\u00edt i v online prost\u0159ed\u00ed d\u00edky mentimeteru<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kouzeln\u00fd byl p\u0159\u00edklad reflexe jako sebehodnocen\u00ed: sandwich (hamburger)<\/strong>. \u017d\u00e1ci zhodnot\u00ed, co se jim nap\u0159. za cel\u00fd t\u00fdden poda\u0159ilo, v \u010dem jsou dob\u0159\u00ed. Jednotliv\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b sandwiche \u010di hamburgeru p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed odpov\u011bdi: 1) Poda\u0159ilo se mi…, 2) Mus\u00edm vylep\u0161it…, 3) Nepoda\u0159ilo se mi…<\/p>\n

Metoda 3×3 vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1ky, aby vyplnili 3 pole v tabulce. Prost\u0159edn\u00ed pole je povinn\u00e9, dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b si mohou vybrat:<\/p>\n

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Metoda anketn\u00edho l\u00edstku<\/strong> je velmi rychl\u00e1, d\u00e1 se vyu\u017e\u00edt na konci hodiny, kdy nem\u00e1me dostatek \u010dasu. Bohu\u017eel se v\u0161eka d\u00edky n\u00ed nedozv\u00edme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 detaily.<\/p>\n

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Head, Heart, Hand<\/strong>, nebo tak\u00e9 zkr\u00e1cen\u011b 3 H, poukazuje na vyu\u017eit\u00ed znalost\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. Bohu\u017eel se v\u0161ak nehod\u00ed pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u00e9ma a pro ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u011bk.
\nHEAD: Kter\u00e9 znalosti si z dne\u0161n\u00ed hodiny odn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed\u0161?
\nHEART: Jak\u00e9 pocity z dne\u0161n\u00ed hodiny m\u00e1\u0161?
\nHAND: Jak ti znalosti a dovednosti, kter\u00e9 sis dnes osvojil\/a, mohou b\u00fdt v budoucnu u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9?<\/p>\n

K reflexi je mo\u017eno t\u00e9\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edt tabulku V-CH-D<\/strong>, tedy Co u\u017e v\u00edm? Co bych se o t\u00e9matu cht\u011bl\/a dozv\u011bd\u011bt? Co nov\u00e9ho jsem se dozv\u011bd\u011bl\/a?<\/p>\n

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Vizu\u00e1ln\u011b-prostorov\u00e9 typy \u017e\u00e1k\u016f<\/strong> jist\u011b ocen\u00ed reflexi za pomoci kostek Lega \u010di s kartami Dixit (nebo jin\u00fdmi reflektivn\u00edmi kartami, nap\u0159. http:\/\/jobiblog.cz\/reflektivni-karty\/<\/a>) – tuto metodu lze mimochodem vyu\u017e\u00edt i pro t\u0159\u00eddnick\u00e9 hodiny. Pomoc\u00ed Lega mohou \u017e\u00e1ci vizualizovat sv\u00e9 pocity z hodiny\/projektu\/exkurze \u010di \u0161koly v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Instrukce je zcela jednoduch\u00e1: postav stavbu z Lega \u010di si vyber kartu Dixit, kter\u00e1 vystihuje Tv\u016fj pocit z hodiny…<\/p>\n

V z\u00e1v\u011bru webin\u00e1\u0159e do\u0161lo i na kriteri\u00e1ln\u00ed zp\u016fsoby reflexe. U\u017e jste zkou\u0161eli checklist<\/strong>? V p\u0159\u00edkladu n\u00ed\u017ee je tato metoda uk\u00e1z\u00e1na na psan\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu. Reflexe je pak op\u00edr\u00e1n o jasn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria, \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm tento checklist pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pochopit, co je ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako kvalitn\u00ed. Nev\u00fdhodou je, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci mohou zatrh\u00e1vat automaticky bez ohledu na text, kter\u00fd napsali.<\/p>\n

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Ve skupin\u00e1ch jsme si vyzkou\u0161eli p\u0159ipravit reflexi op\u0159enou o krit\u00e9ria, a sice pro hodnocen\u00ed refer\u00e1tu. Jist\u011b nen\u00ed od v\u011bci stanovit si vlastn\u00ed krit\u00e9ria, o n\u011b\u017e se pak p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme op\u00edrat.<\/p>\n

Lektorka Petra Vallin s n\u00e1mi sd\u00edlela t\u00e9\u017e krit\u00e9ria pro sebehodnocen\u00ed skupinov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 je vhodn\u00e9 doplnit u\u010ditelov\u00fdmi dotazy, pro\u010d \u017e\u00e1k zatrhl dan\u00e9 ok\u00e9nko.<\/p>\n

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Webin\u00e1\u0159 o reflexi by nebyl \u00fapln\u00fd, pokud by na jeho konci nepadl po\u017eadavek na reflexi tohoto webin\u00e1\u0159e. Co zachov\u00e1me? Co zavedeme do sv\u00fdch hodin? Co naopak zru\u0161\u00edme?\u00a0 “Semin\u00e1\u0159 byl p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00fd, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi aktivitami\/reflexemi, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme do hodin pou\u017e\u00edt. V\u011bt\u0161ina z n\u00e1s samoz\u0159ejm\u011b teorii o reflexi na konci hodiny zn\u00e1, i reflexi pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, ale doch\u00e1z\u00ed n\u00e1m v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku n\u00e1pady na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ji\u017e osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 aktivity.” (Alespo\u0148 jedna ze zp\u011btn\u00fdch vazeb na webin\u00e1\u0159.)<\/p>\n

Kdo by cht\u011bl zhl\u00e9dnout alespo\u0148 n\u011bco z webin\u00e1\u0159e, m\u00e1te mo\u017enost na YouTube kan\u00e1le, kde prob\u011bhl stejnojmenn\u00fd webin\u00e1\u0159 pro U\u010ditelnici. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3PdIY8uKMsQ&t=0s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Co n\u00e1m reflexe na konci hodiny umo\u017e\u0148uje? Umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1m zjistit, jak\u00e9 poznatky si \u017e\u00e1ci z hodiny odn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed (co se nau\u010dili). \u017d\u00e1k\u016fm pom\u00e1h\u00e1 si uv\u011bdomit, jak nov\u00e9 poznatky zapadaj\u00ed do toho, co ji\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed prostor pro zformulov\u00e1n\u00ed pocit\u016f z hodiny (jak se jim pracovalo). D\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zhodnotit svou vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u010diteli prozkoumat, co dal\u0161\u00edho by […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9855"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9855"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9855\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9867,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9855\/revisions\/9867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}