{"id":8295,"date":"2020-06-10T12:50:35","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T10:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/?p=8295"},"modified":"2020-06-12T10:27:33","modified_gmt":"2020-06-12T08:27:33","slug":"8295","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/2020\/06\/8295\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak je to s&nbsp;poruchami autistick\u00e9ho spektra?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po dlouh\u00e9 koronavirov\u00e9 dob\u011b jsme se m\u011bli mo\u017enost setkat v\u00a0r\u00e1mci neofici\u00e1ln\u00edho spolku rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi poruchami. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto setk\u00e1n\u00ed byla skv\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka \u201e\u00davod do problematiky poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra\u201c psycholo\u017eky Veroniky \u0160porclov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 tak\u00e9 poskytuje konzultace pro neziskovou organizaci <a href=\"https:\/\/nautis.cz\/cz\">NAUTIS<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8241\" src=\"http:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/dsc06975.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"722\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/dsc06975.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/dsc06975-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/dsc06975-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m p\u0159edstaven\u00ed pan\u00ed doktorky se v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f zeptala na d\u016fvod jejich p\u0159\u00edchodu na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku, a&nbsp;co si cht\u011bj\u00ed vlastn\u011b odn\u00e9st. D\u00edky b\u00e1je\u010dn\u00e9mu kolektivu pedago\u017eek jak z\u00a0mate\u0159sk\u00fdch, tak i&nbsp;z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol a&nbsp;n\u00e1s rodi\u010d\u016f ur\u010dit\u011b \u0159e\u010d nev\u00e1zla a&nbsp;v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 d\u00e1my sd\u011blily sv\u00e9 d\u016fvody n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy t\u00e9to p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky. D\u00edky tomu byla cel\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka koncipovan\u00e1 s&nbsp;ohledem na na\u0161e pot\u0159eby a&nbsp;aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed znalosti.<\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 ji\u017e n\u011bjak\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0lidmi s\u00a0poruchami autistick\u00e9ho spektra m\u011bly, nebylo nutn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 teorie. P\u0159esto j\u00ed zde trochu zm\u00edn\u00edm! Autismus je porucha nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, porucha vztah\u016f a&nbsp;vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta. U&nbsp;n\u011bkter\u00fdch se tak\u00e9 projevuje jako porucha komunikace. D\u00e1le jsme se tak\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159ily na stereotypy, kter\u00e9 panuj\u00ed, bohu\u017eel nejenom, v\u00a0laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Byly jsme sezn\u00e1meny se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi oblastmi, kter\u00e9 jsou posuzov\u00e1ny p\u0159i&nbsp;diagnostice poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vztahy \u2013 v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti se posuzuje chov\u00e1n\u00ed jedince v\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edch skupin\u00e1ch (\u0161kola, \u0161kolka, rodina, vrstevn\u00edci).<\/li>\n<li>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace \u2013 d\u011bl\u00ed se na verb\u00e1ln\u00ed (schopnost komunikovat slovy) a&nbsp;neverb\u00e1ln\u00ed (v&nbsp;t\u00e9to oblasti se hlavn\u011b mluvilo o&nbsp;o\u010dn\u00edm kontaktu, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b o&nbsp;chov\u00e1n\u00ed neodpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bku jedince).<\/li>\n<li>Stereotypn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 zde pan\u00ed doktorka zm\u00ednila pot\u0159ebu r\u016fzn\u00fdch stereotyp\u016f v\u00a0chov\u00e1n\u00ed, tedy: pohybov\u00e9 stereotypy, stereotypn\u00ed hru a&nbsp;dost zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 stereotypy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u00e1le se pak autismus d\u011bl\u00ed na d\u011btsk\u00fd autismus (jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;hlub\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed, je \u201eviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed)\u201c, atypick\u00fd autismus (u&nbsp;t\u011bchto d\u011bt\u00ed je lep\u0161\u00ed za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do majoritn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, jsou konstantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, av\u0161ak jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dovednost neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u011bku) a&nbsp;Asperger\u016fv syndrom (nemaj\u00ed ment\u00e1ln\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed, maj\u00ed velmi slab\u011b naru\u0161en\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti). Pan\u00ed doktorka hlavn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bla praktick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady, zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 za dobu sv\u00e9 praxe m\u011bla mo\u017enost poznat.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch t\u00e9mat bylo zapojen\u00ed komunikace mezi rodinou, \u0161kolou (p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b ji\u017e \u0161kolkou) a&nbsp;odbornou pomoc\u00ed. Kolegyn\u00edm pedago\u017ek\u00e1m pan\u00ed doktorka nasti\u0148ovala mo\u017enosti spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0rodi\u010di. N\u00e1m rodi\u010d\u016fm bylo kladeno na srdce, \u017ee nen\u00ed pouze jeden jedin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0na\u0161emu d\u00edt\u011bti. V\u00a0oblasti odborn\u00e9 pomoci bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno Speci\u00e1ln\u011b pedagogick\u00e9 centrum, psychologov\u00e9 a&nbsp;psychiat\u0159i a&nbsp;v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b tak\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed odbor na dan\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Jak ji\u017e na dal\u0161\u00edch na\u0161ich setk\u00e1n\u00edch s\u00a0odborn\u00edky zazn\u011blo: \u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve se d\u00edt\u011b dostane do rukou odborn\u00edka, t\u00edm existuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do majoritn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 u&nbsp;t\u011bchto d\u011bt\u00ed je tak\u00e9 posilovat jejich slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky a&nbsp;vytvo\u0159it u&nbsp;nich pocit spokojenosti.<\/p>\n<p>Cht\u011bla bych m\u011bstu Mnichovo Hradi\u0161t\u011b pod\u011bkovat za zap\u016fj\u010den\u00ed prostor pro p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku, d\u00e1le pak pan\u00ed Mark\u00e9t\u011b Tom\u00e1\u0161ov\u00e9 z\u00a0MAPu za velkou trp\u011blivost p\u0159i&nbsp;pomoci s\u00a0organizov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek. A&nbsp;v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b spolubojovnici Ivet\u011b Krskov\u00e9 za dojedn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli nem\u00e1 neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed spolek napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed term\u00edny, p\u0159esto i&nbsp;nad\u00e1le pl\u00e1nujeme pokra\u010dovat ve sv\u00e9 \u010dinnost osv\u011bty jak pro n\u00e1s rodi\u010de, tak pro pedagogy i&nbsp;\u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnou.<\/p>\n<p>Sepsala: Ladislava Cermanov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po dlouh\u00e9 koronavirov\u00e9 dob\u011b jsme se m\u011bli mo\u017enost setkat v\u00a0r\u00e1mci neofici\u00e1ln\u00edho spolku rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi poruchami. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto setk\u00e1n\u00ed byla skv\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka \u201e\u00davod do problematiky poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra\u201c psycholo\u017eky Veroniky \u0160porclov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 tak\u00e9 poskytuje konzultace pro neziskovou organizaci NAUTIS. Po&nbsp;kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m p\u0159edstaven\u00ed pan\u00ed doktorky se v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f zeptala na d\u016fvod jejich p\u0159\u00edchodu na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8295"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8295"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8295\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8312,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8295\/revisions\/8312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8295"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.map-mh.cz\/map3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}